MRO spare parts planning

Plan stock around service risk, not averages alone.

Separate expected demand, uncertainty buffers, order quantities, and criticality. Formula output is an input to a replenishment policy, not the policy itself.

Exposure

Lead-time demand

Expected use before replenishment arrives.

Trigger

Reorder point

Lead-time demand plus safety stock.

Buffer

Safety stock

Demand variation buffer.

Order policy

EOQ

Ordering and carrying cost balance.

Store health

Inventory turnover

Annual movement of inventory value.

Criticality changes the answer.

Intermittent demand and high outage consequence can make a purely statistical setting unsafe. Combine formulas with failure mode, installed base, shelf life, repairability, and supply recovery review. Read MRO safety stock planning.